EVALUATION OF NEPHROPROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF Foeniculum vulgare Mill HYDROMETHANOL CRUDE LEAF EXTRACT AGAINST CISPLATIN INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN SWISS ALBINO MICE, 2023

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Kidney is vulnerable to drug-induced damage because of its relatively high blood flow from cardiac output. Cisplatin-induced kidney damage is one cause of acute kidney injury frequent adverse event that increases morbidity and the need for health care. However there is no any drugs used as a treatment for it. Therefore searching effective, affordable, and safe drugs for the prevention and curative effect of kidney toxicity caused by cisplatin is mandatory. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Foeniculum vulgare Mill hydromethanol crude leaf extract on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in Swiss albino mice Methods: The study was conducted on 42 male Swiss albino mice. Mice were allocated randomly into 7 groups, 6 mice per group. Group I was received distilled water only, Group II& Group III was treated with 7.5mg/Kg cisplatin only on the 1st &11th day respectively. Group IV-VII, Foeniculum vulgare Mill were screened at two dose levels, i.e., 200 mg/kg bd. Wt. and 400 mg/kg bd. Wt. in both curative and prophylactic regimens plus a single dose of 7.5 mg/kg cisplatin on 1st

& 11th day respectively. The mice were anesthetized and sacrificed on day 15 after the last treatment followed by overnight fasting. Then kidney function tests, and histopathological investigation were done. The data was entered into epi-data version 4.7, exported to SPSS version 25.0, and analyzed by using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test. Results: Mice that received cisplatin alone (group II&III) exhibited a significant decrease in body weight on day 15, increase in serum markers (creatinine, uric acid, urea), with increase relative kidney weight, and pathological damage to the kidney as compared with normal control group. The group of mice with curative and prophylactic regimens of 200 and 400mg/kg Foeniculum vulgare Mill leaves extract reduced the serum kidney markers, prevent the pathological damage to the kidney in mice as compared with its negative control groups. Curative lower dose showed significant difference in serum uric acid level as compared with normal control group. But lower dose of extract unable to reduce relative kidney weight as compared with negative control groups. Conclusion: The finding of the present study brought that Foeniculum vulgare Mill exhibits nephroprotection activities both in curative and prophylactic regimen by ameliorating nephrotoxicity in dose dependent manner. But, slightly better in prophylactic regimen