The Association of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 rs2981578 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Breast Cancer among Female Breast Cancer Patients Attending University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, North West Ethiopia, 2023

Abstract

Abstract Background: Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms have been known for being associated with the risk of breast cancer. However, the reports are contradictory and provide conflicting data. There is no reported data in Ethiopian population. Objectives: To determine the association of Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 rs2981578 single nucleotide polymorphism and breast cancer among female breast cancer patients attending university of Gondar comprehensive specialized hospital, North West Ethiopia, 2023. Methods: A hospital-based age and sex-matched case control study design was carried out from August 2022 to April 2023 at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. They were selected by convenient sampling technique. Data were collected using a semi structured questionnaire, anthropometric measurement and blood sample collection. Then entered using epi-data 7.2 and exported to SPSS version 25. Binary logistic regression was applied to see the association among different parameters. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms rs2981578 AA genotype and A allele were more frequent in breast cancer patients than in controls (37% vs 17% and 58% vs 42%; chi square P = 0.025 and p= 0.009, respectively). Individuals having AA genotype and A allele had more risk of developing breast cancer (OR = 3.3; 95% confidence level CI: 0.117-0.774; P=0.006 and OR = 1.88; 95% CI: 1.173, 3.029; P= 0.004, respectively) than those having the wild type GG genotype. The risk allele interacted with late TNM stage (COR=3.41, 95% CI: 1.07-10.88, P=0.038). Conclusion: The Fibroblast Growth Factor Receptor 2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms rs2981578 gene of the AA genotype and the A allele are more prevalent in Breast cancer patients. They are associated with a high risk of breast cancer and a worsen stage of it. No modification of Breast cancer risk was observed because of environmental and lifestyle factors between different genotypes.