Abstract:
Migrations regarded as the movement of people from their original residence to the new location
either permanently or temporarily and has an impact on the wellbeing of the people socially and
economically, it remains a pressing issue as institutional, economic and social problems continue
to affect the losing or receiving population. This study aims to assess the cause& consequence
rural-urban labor migration & their socio –economic condition in Gondar city in Amhara region;
northwest Ethiopia. Raw facts were collected based on labor migrants through questionnaire and
document analyses and presented in to percentage, mean, standard deviation, frequency, chi square test and T-test analyzed by SPSS (version 20) software. Data was collected at individual
level daily labor workers in Gondar city. Information on individual personal information of
socio-economic and consequences of migration issues was collected. The researcher uses
purposive sampling for both the selection of the studying areas and the population as a
representative of Gondar city rural-urban migrants. The population is stratified in to migrants
either pulling or pushing reasons. Quantitative data was collected to study sample populations of
140 as a survey. The findings of this study reported herein based on the three objectives. Daily
workers migration became increasing from time to time in Gondar city particularly after 2009,
with relatively equal proportion of the sexes and majority of them were secondary school
completed and non-married migrants. The survey indicated 45% of them migrated due to pulling
reasons and the rest caused by pushing issues and economically earned 206.7 and 221.4 birr
respectively. The major determinants of rural to urban migration in the study area were age,
family size, income earned, livestock size at origin, food status at origin, drought occurrence,
distance from origin and information, significant at or less than 5% probability level. The
consequences of rural-urban migration were unemployment, drug addictive, hopelessness,
marital divorce, social discrimination, and prostitution and exposed to STDs then to health risks,
poor housing conditions, insecurity, engaged in crimes environmental pollution and poverty.
