Challenges and Prospects of Drought Risk Management and its Contribution to Food Security: The case of Dekasuftu Woreda, Liben Zone, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia

Abstract

The study aimed at identifying the major challenges and prospects of drought risk management (DRM) and its contribution to food security in Dekasufu woreda, Ethiopian Somali Regional State. In so doing elements of drought risk management and practices were explored. The research has attempted to integrate both qualitative and quantitative data gathered through key informant information and focus group discussion and direct observation of the area and efforts of DRM. The respondents were of two categories – the local people and representatives of DRM committee. From the total of 4515 people living in 4 Kebles 332 randomly selected respondents were participated in responding to the structured interview. From wereda DRM committee 6 officials participated in individual interview and focus group discussion. From the Kebele DRM committee 12 individuals participated in focus group discussion. To analyze the data descriptive statistics were used. The results of the study revealed that the DRM is showing positive trend in achieving some of its objectives. That is the program in the study area seems successful in smoothing household consumption and saving the lives of people from hunger and diseases. But the program’s contribution in terms of asset building, long term food security is not significant. Despite some positive achievements in the study area, a number of challenges have been encountered. Community participation is low in environmental conservation strategy. One to five core groupings’ effort is less in raising community awareness on the modern practices and diversifying income groups; providing initial and technical services. The study also revealed that there was less participation of female household heads in the planning of DRM activities. Therefore, to solve the problems faced and enhance the positive achievement some critical recommendations were suggested. Diversification through crop - live stock integration; giving due attention to available local resources and other improved drought resistant and early maturing crop varieties and reinforcing the existing off-farm employment and other non-farm viable activities (like petty trading and variable handcrafts), maintenance of non- functional water schemes, community participation in environmental conservation strategy, were to mention some.