Abstract:
Soil erosion was the major challenge in north western regions of Ethiopia due to conversion of
land use land cover change from one type to another type, topographical feature and the status
of
rain fall and soil condition where anthropogenic factors aggravates its severity
undesirability. The s t u d y was conducted in Guang watershed in North Western part of
Ethiopia former North Gondar Zone mainly concerned in Chilga and some part of Dembia
district where there was high severity of soil erosion hazard facilitated by the change in the
management practice and cover type. The aim of this study was to examine the spatiotemporal
analysis on soil erosion hazard and prioritization for soil and water conservation in Guang
watershed. Two time series satellite imageries (enhanced thematic mapper plus 2008 and 2018)
have been utilized for producing cover factor and p factor changes. the input data for generate
soil erosion severity and prioritization as well as sediment yield estimation the rain fall data,
soil data, digital elevation model data and
satellite images in revised universal soil loss
equation model. The researcher put the model in connection with geographic information
system. Raster calculator was used to calculate soil erosion potential and preparation soil
erosion severity maps. The result showed that the potential soil los was range from 0-192.4
ton/ha/yr in the year 2008 and 0 to 242.54 ton/ha/yr, and this is equivalent to 1,254,804 ton in
2008 and, 15,884,956.62 ton in 2018 with sediment delivery ratio of 8.32 t/ha/yr in 2018, and
the severity of the watershed was micro watersheds of high severity level micro watersheds of
(25,24,21,23,24,3,20,41,26,42,22,29 and14) and Severe micro watersheds of (12 and 11), and
the prioritized watershed for soil and water conservation was selected based on severity i.e.
higher severity preferred first than other severity. The Socio economic survey by using binary
logistic model also showed that dependent variable that was predicted by the independent
variable were explained by 89.8 % at a significant at probability level of 1 % (marital status) ,
and at 5% significant at probability level (gender, tropical livestock unit and off farm)which has
positive relations ship to status of conservation except gender and off farm. Therefore, proper
lands use planning, physical soil water conservation mechanisms (hill side terraces, stone bund,
soil bund and stone faced bund) biological soil water conservation mechanisms (multipurpose
trees, cut and carry, grass strips along the terraces and area closure) should be implemented.
